Raafat SN
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt
Title: The sole and combined effect of simvastatin and platelet rich fibrin as a filling material in induced bone defect in tibia of albino rats.
Biography
Biography: Raafat SN
Abstract
Statins like simvastatin (SIM) have demonstrated to have pleiotropic actions other than their
conventional use as antilipidemic drugs. Also, nowadays natural scaffolds like platelets rich fibrin
(PRF) showed promising results on bone regeneration. Aim This study compare the regenerative
power of SIM and PRF added locally each as a sole filling material on induced bone defect and
evaluate the combined effect using PRF loaded with SIM. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A critical
size bone defect was induced in 48 male albino rats of average weight 150-200 g and were divided
into 4 groups according to the filling material. Control, PRF, SIM, and SIM/PRF group. Each group
was subdivided according to the sacrificing period into two subgroups (one and two-months
postoperatively). Tibial specimens were evaluated histologically using masson trichrome (MT)
special stain to detect areas of new bone formation, immunohistochemically using anti- BMP2 and
anti-VEGF, serum levels of Osteoprotegerin (OPG), RANKL, osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase
enzyme (ALP) were measured one and two months postoperatively using ELISA, Finally bone
mineral density (BMD) at the bone defect area was analyzed using digital X-ray one and two-months
postoperatively. RESULTS: The percentage of newly formed bone increased significantly in the
three groups vs the control group with the highest significant increase (p < 0.001) in the SIM/PRF
group one month postoperatively. Also, SIM/PRF group was the only group which showed significant
bone maturation two-months postoperatively compared to the other groups. Immunohistochemical
analysis showed significant increase in positively stained BMP-2 and VEGF expression (p < 0.001) in
the three groups vs the control group with the highest significant increase (p < 0.001) in the SIM/PRF
group. Serum bone anabolic markers increased significantly in the SIM and SIM/PRF groups. In
contrast, RANKL serum level decreased significantly in the SIM and SIM/PRF group one month
postoperatively with no significant decrease in the PRF group vs the control group. Digital X-ray
results revealed the highest BMD percent change was found in the SIM/PRF group and showed
complete bone healing two-months postoperatively.